使用Vim打造Python IDE - Forgus

Windows

vim 是一款运行在终端(Terminal)里的文本编辑器，因此我们首先需要安装一个好用的终端，Windows上可以用微软的Windows Terminal，支持自定义外观和多标签。

安装Windows Terminal

开始菜单里搜索"Microsoft Store"并打开。
在商店里搜索并安装"Windows Terminal"。
安装好之后，在开始菜单里会出现"Windows Terminal"应用。（系统语言设置为中文的话，应用名称叫“终端”）

在 Windows 系统上，可以通过 Chocolatey 包管理器轻松安装其他软件。所以在安装其他软件之前，我们先把Chocolatey安装好。

安装Chocolatey

以管理员身份打开powershell。
允许执行脚本：

1	Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force

安装Chocolatey：

1	iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://community.chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))

验证安装：

choco -v

如果安装成功，将显示Chocolatey的版本号。

安装其他软件

以管理员身份打开终端。
通过Chocolatey安装其他软件：

1	choco install git nodejs.install vim python3

安装期间如出现提示问你要不要运行脚本，输入“A”并回车，这表示全部允许，后面就会自动安装，不会再询问。

设置 npm 国内源（可选）

为了加快 npm 的下载速度，可以设置国内源:

1	npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com

安装vim-plug

Vim-Plug 是一个轻量级且功能强大的 Vim 插件管理器，支持并行安装、更新和卸载插件。

打开powershell,进入用户目录（例如：C:\Users\你的用户名）
创建vim-plug安装目录：

1	mkdir vimfiles\autoload

执行以下命令进行安装：

1 2	iwr -useb https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim \|` ni $HOME/vimfiles/autoload/plug.vim -Force

安装Jedi Language Server

打开终端，通过以下命令安装:

1	pip3 install -U jedi-language-server

配置vim

打开终端，进入用户目录（例如：C:\Users\你的用户名）
用以下命令创建vim配置文件：

1	gvim _vimrc

3.普通模式下用"+p粘贴以下配置：

source $VIMRUNTIME/defaults.vim
set nocompatible  
set encoding=utf-8
set helplang=cn
syntax on
set number
set relativenumber
set cursorline  " 显示光标所在行
set wrap " 自动换行
set showcmd  " 显示输入信息
set wildmenu " 显示补全提示
set hlsearch " 高亮搜索结果
"打开vim运行nohlsearch，取消高亮
exec "nohlsearch"
set incsearch " 一边输入一边高亮
set ignorecase " 忽略大小写
set smartcase " 智能大小写
set scrolloff=5 " 光标行上下移动范围各缩小5行
"寻找下一搜索结果，并将其置于屏幕中心
noremap = nzz               
"寻找上一搜索结果，并将其置于屏幕中心
noremap - Nzz
" ===
" === Normal Mode
" ===
noremap Q :q<CR>
noremap <C-q> :qa<CR>
noremap S :w<CR>
noremap s <nop>
map R :source $MYVIMRC<CR>
noremap <silent> J 5j
noremap <silent> K 5k
" Ctrl + U or E will move up/down the view port without moving the cursor
noremap <C-K> 5<C-y>
noremap <C-J> 5<C-e>
nnoremap Y y$
" 全选
map <C-a> ggVG
" Resize splits with arrow keys
noremap <up> :res +5<CR>
noremap <down> :res -5<CR>
noremap <left> :vertical resize-5<CR>
noremap <right> :vertical resize+5<CR>
" Copy to system clipboard
vnoremap Y "+y
" Place the two screens up and down
noremap su <C-w>t<C-w>K
" Place the two screens side by side
noremap sv <C-w>t<C-w>H
" split the screens to up (horizontal), down (horizontal), left (vertical), right (vertical)
noremap sk :set nosplitbelow<CR>:split<CR>:set splitbelow<CR>
noremap sj :set splitbelow<CR>:split<CR>
noremap sh :set nosplitright<CR>:vsplit<CR>:set splitright<CR>
noremap sl :set splitright<CR>:vsplit<CR>
"新建标签页
map tn :tabe<CR>
"前一标签页
map th :-tabnext<CR>
"后一标签页
map tl :+tabnext<CR>
" 将当前标签和前一标签交换位置
noremap tmh :-tabmove<CR>
" 将当前标签和后一标签交换位置
noremap tml :+tabmove<CR>
" ===
" === Insert Model
" ===
inoremap <C-a> <ESC>A
" ===
" === Command Mode
" ===
cnoremap <C-a> <Home>
cnoremap <C-e> <End>
cnoremap <C-p> <Up>
cnoremap <C-n> <Down>
" ===
" === Leader Mapping
" ===
let mapleader= " "
map <LEADER>rc :e $MYVIMRC<CR>
map <LEADER>sd :w !sudo tee %<CR>
map <LEADER><CR> :nohlsearch<CR>
map <LEADER>k <C-w>k
map <LEADER>j <C-w>j
map <LEADER>h <C-w>h
map <LEADER>l <C-w>l

" Plugin List
call plug#begin()
Plug 'vim-airline/vim-airline'
Plug 'rakr/vim-one'
Plug 'liuchengxu/vim-which-key'
Plug 'neoclide/coc.nvim', {'branch': 'release'}
Plug 'honza/vim-snippets'
call plug#end()

:wq保存退出,不用关闭终端。

安装插件

通过gvim _vimrc命令,重新打开vim配置文件。
在命令模式下输入 :PlugInstall 并回车。
插件安装成功后，按Q退回到配置文件。

配置插件

vim插件的详细介绍及配置方法，可以访问github上对应项目地址，url地址构成规则为：https://github.com/ + {插件名称}，如：neoclide/coc.nvim插件的github项目地址为：
https://github.com/neoclide/coc.nvim

普通模式下用G移动光标到最后一行，按o输入一行空行，然后按Esc退回到普通模式。
按"+p从系统剪贴板粘贴以下内容：

"==================      vim-one config 	    =====================      
colorscheme one
set background=dark
let g:airline_theme='one'
set termguicolors
"==================      vim-which-key config 	    =====================      
nnoremap <silent> <leader> :WhichKey '<Space>'<CR>
set timeoutlen=300
"==================      coc.nvim config 	    =====================      
" https://raw.githubusercontent.com/neoclide/coc.nvim/master/doc/coc-example-config.vim

" May need for Vim (not Neovim) since coc.nvim calculates byte offset by count
" utf-8 byte sequence
set encoding=utf-8
" Some servers have issues with backup files, see #649
set nobackup
set nowritebackup

" Having longer updatetime (default is 4000 ms = 4s) leads to noticeable
" delays and poor user experience
set updatetime=300

" Always show the signcolumn, otherwise it would shift the text each time
" diagnostics appear/become resolved
set signcolumn=yes

" Use tab for trigger completion with characters ahead and navigate
" NOTE: There's always complete item selected by default, you may want to enable
" no select by `"suggest.noselect": true` in your configuration file
" NOTE: Use command ':verbose imap <tab>' to make sure tab is not mapped by
" other plugin before putting this into your config
inoremap <silent><expr> <TAB>
      \ coc#pum#visible() ? coc#pum#next(1) :
      \ CheckBackspace() ? "\<Tab>" :
      \ coc#refresh()
inoremap <expr><S-TAB> coc#pum#visible() ? coc#pum#prev(1) : "\<C-h>"

" Make <CR> to accept selected completion item or notify coc.nvim to format
" <C-g>u breaks current undo, please make your own choice
inoremap <silent><expr> <CR> coc#pum#visible() ? coc#pum#confirm()
                              \: "\<C-g>u\<CR>\<c-r>=coc#on_enter()\<CR>"

function! CheckBackspace() abort
  let col = col('.') - 1
  return !col || getline('.')[col - 1]  =~# '\s'
endfunction

" Use <c-space> to trigger completion
if has('nvim')
  inoremap <silent><expr> <c-space> coc#refresh()
else
  inoremap <silent><expr> <c-@> coc#refresh()
endif

" Use `[g` and `]g` to navigate diagnostics
" Use `:CocDiagnostics` to get all diagnostics of current buffer in location list
nmap <silent><nowait> [g <Plug>(coc-diagnostic-prev)
nmap <silent><nowait> ]g <Plug>(coc-diagnostic-next)

" GoTo code navigation
nmap <silent><nowait> gd <Plug>(coc-definition)
nmap <silent><nowait> gy <Plug>(coc-type-definition)
nmap <silent><nowait> gi <Plug>(coc-implementation)
nmap <silent><nowait> gr <Plug>(coc-references)

" Use ` to show documentation in preview window
nnoremap <silent> ` :call ShowDocumentation()<CR>

function! ShowDocumentation()
  if CocAction('hasProvider', 'hover')
    call CocActionAsync('doHover')
  else
    call feedkeys('`', 'in')
  endif
endfunction

" Highlight the symbol and its references when holding the cursor
autocmd CursorHold * silent call CocActionAsync('highlight')

" Symbol renaming
nmap <leader>rn <Plug>(coc-rename)

" Formatting selected code
xmap <leader>f  <Plug>(coc-format-selected)
nmap <leader>f  <Plug>(coc-format-selected)

augroup mygroup
  autocmd!
  " Setup formatexpr specified filetype(s)
  autocmd FileType typescript,json setl formatexpr=CocAction('formatSelected')
augroup end

" Applying code actions to the selected code block
" Example: `<leader>aap` for current paragraph
xmap <leader>a  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-selected)
nmap <leader>a  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-selected)

" Remap keys for applying code actions at the cursor position
nmap <leader>ac  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-cursor)
" Remap keys for apply code actions affect whole buffer
nmap <leader>as  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-source)
" Apply the most preferred quickfix action to fix diagnostic on the current line
nmap <leader>qf  <Plug>(coc-fix-current)

" Remap keys for applying refactor code actions
nmap <silent> <leader>re <Plug>(coc-codeaction-refactor)
xmap <silent> <leader>r  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-refactor-selected)
nmap <silent> <leader>r  <Plug>(coc-codeaction-refactor-selected)

" Run the Code Lens action on the current line
nmap <leader>cl  <Plug>(coc-codelens-action)

" Map function and class text objects
" NOTE: Requires 'textDocument.documentSymbol' support from the language server
xmap if <Plug>(coc-funcobj-i)
omap if <Plug>(coc-funcobj-i)
xmap af <Plug>(coc-funcobj-a)
omap af <Plug>(coc-funcobj-a)
xmap ic <Plug>(coc-classobj-i)
omap ic <Plug>(coc-classobj-i)
xmap ac <Plug>(coc-classobj-a)
omap ac <Plug>(coc-classobj-a)

" Remap <C-f> and <C-b> to scroll float windows/popups
if has('nvim-0.4.0') || has('patch-8.2.0750')
  nnoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-f> coc#float#has_scroll() ? coc#float#scroll(1) : "\<C-f>"
  nnoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-b> coc#float#has_scroll() ? coc#float#scroll(0) : "\<C-b>"
  inoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-f> coc#float#has_scroll() ? "\<c-r>=coc#float#scroll(1)\<cr>" : "\<Right>"
  inoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-b> coc#float#has_scroll() ? "\<c-r>=coc#float#scroll(0)\<cr>" : "\<Left>"
  vnoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-f> coc#float#has_scroll() ? coc#float#scroll(1) : "\<C-f>"
  vnoremap <silent><nowait><expr> <C-b> coc#float#has_scroll() ? coc#float#scroll(0) : "\<C-b>"
endif

" Use CTRL-S for selections ranges
" Requires 'textDocument/selectionRange' support of language server
nmap <silent> <C-s> <Plug>(coc-range-select)
xmap <silent> <C-s> <Plug>(coc-range-select)

" Add `:Format` command to format current buffer
command! -nargs=0 Format :call CocActionAsync('format')

" Add `:Fold` command to fold current buffer
command! -nargs=? Fold :call     CocAction('fold', <f-args>)

" Add `:OR` command for organize imports of the current buffer
command! -nargs=0 OR   :call     CocActionAsync('runCommand', 'editor.action.organizeImport')

" Add (Neo)Vim's native statusline support
" NOTE: Please see `:h coc-status` for integrations with external plugins that
" provide custom statusline: lightline.vim, vim-airline
set statusline^=%{coc#status()}%{get(b:,'coc_current_function','')}

" Mappings for CoCList
" Show all diagnostics
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>a  :<C-u>CocList diagnostics<cr>
" Manage extensions
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>e  :<C-u>CocList extensions<cr>
" Show commands
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>c  :<C-u>CocList commands<cr>
" Find symbol of current document
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>o  :<C-u>CocList outline<cr>
" Search workspace symbols
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>s  :<C-u>CocList -I symbols<cr>
" Do default action for next item
"nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>j  :<C-u>CocNext<CR>
" Do default action for previous item
"nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>k  :<C-u>CocPrev<CR>
" Resume latest coc list
nnoremap <silent><nowait> <space>p  :<C-u>CocListResume<CR>

"==================      coc-snippets config 	    =====================      
" Use <C-l> for trigger snippet expand.
imap <C-l> <Plug>(coc-snippets-expand)

" Use <C-j> for select text for visual placeholder of snippet.
vmap <C-j> <Plug>(coc-snippets-select)

" Use <C-j> for jump to next placeholder, it's default of coc.nvim
let g:coc_snippet_next = '<c-j>'

" Use <C-k> for jump to previous placeholder, it's default of coc.nvim
let g:coc_snippet_prev = '<c-k>'

" Use <C-j> for both expand and jump (make expand higher priority.)
imap <C-j> <Plug>(coc-snippets-expand-jump)

" Use <leader>x for convert visual selected code to snippet
xmap <leader>x  <Plug>(coc-convert-snippet)

inoremap <silent><expr> <TAB>
      \ coc#pum#visible() ? coc#_select_confirm() :
      \ coc#expandableOrJumpable() ? "\<C-r>=coc#rpc#request('doKeymap', ['snippets-expand-jump',''])\<CR>" :
      \ CheckBackspace() ? "\<TAB>" :
      \ coc#refresh()

function! CheckBackspace() abort
  let col = col('.') - 1
  return !col || getline('.')[col - 1]  =~# '\s'
endfunction

let g:coc_snippet_next = '<tab>'

"==================      coc-explorer config 	    =====================      
nmap <space>f <Cmd>CocCommand explorer<CR>

:w保存,R重新加载配置文件。
安装coc扩展插件:

1	:CocInstall coc-jedi coc-snippets coc-explorer

安装完后退出vim，至此，配置完毕，可以开始愉快的玩耍了^_^